The chemical equation for ozone formation is 3O2====2O3.

① Physical properties: light blue gas

② Chemical properties: strong oxidizing

③ Use and efficacy: sterilization, disinfection

There are three main types of ozone generators: high-voltage discharge (corona discharge), ultraviolet irradiation, and electrolysis.

1. High voltage discharge generator

This type of ozone generator uses a high-voltage current of a certain frequency to create a high-voltage corona electric field, so that the oxygen molecules in or around the electric field undergo electrochemical reactions, thereby producing ozone. The corona method ozone generator has the advantages of mature technology, stable operation, long service life and large ozone output (a single machine can reach more than 20Kg/h), so it is the most widely used ozone generator at home and abroad.

High-voltage discharge ozone generators are divided into the following types:

• According to the high-voltage electric frequency of the generator, there are three kinds of power frequency (50-60Hz), intermediate frequency (400-1000Hz) and high frequency (>1000Hz). Due to the disadvantages of large size and high power consumption, power frequency generators have basically withdrawn from the market. Medium and high frequency generators have the advantages of small size, low power consumption and large ozone output, and are the most commonly used products.
• According to the gas raw materials used, there are two types: oxygen type and air type. The oxygen type is usually supplied with oxygen from an oxygen cylinder or an oxygen generator. Air type usually uses clean and dry compressed air as raw material. Since ozone is produced by oxygen, and the oxygen content in the air is only 21%, the ozone concentration produced by the air generator is relatively low, and the oxygen purity of the bottled or oxygen generator is above 90%, so the oxygen type The ozone concentration of the generator is relatively high, and it is widely used in large and medium-sized ozone generators.
• According to the cooling method, there are water-cooled and air-cooled. When the ozone generator is working, it will generate a lot of heat energy. Cooling is a very important technology in the production technology of the ozone generator. Otherwise, if the cooling is not good, not only will the ozone generator equipment be easily damaged, but the ozone gas will be generated and decomposed due to high temperature. The water-cooled generator has good cooling effect, stable operation, no ozone attenuation, and can work continuously for a long time, but the structure is complex and the cost is slightly higher. The air-cooled cooling effect is not ideal, and the ozone attenuation is obvious. High-performance ozone generators with stable overall performance are usually water-cooled. Air-cooled is generally only used for ozone generators with small ozone output, such as Beijing Tonglin ozone generator, air-cooled products are limited to small ozone generators below 10-100g/h. Ozone generators above 100g use self-cooling or external cooling water.
• Divided by dielectric materials, there are several common types such as quartz tube, ceramic plate, ceramic tube, glass tube and enamel tube. Each material has different dielectric constants due to different processes and different ingredients added. Glass dielectrics have low cost and stable performance. They are the dielectrics used in the early days of ozone generators, but they have poor mechanical strength and are easily damaged, so they are withdrawn from the stage of history. At present, from a global perspective, quartz, enamel, and ceramics are the most widely used dielectrics in large and medium-sized ozone generators.
• According to the structure of the ozone generator, there are two types: gap discharge type (DBD) and open type. The gap discharge ozone generator is divided into ordinary intermittent discharge and compound gap discharge. The characteristic of the modified structure is that ozone generates ozone in the gap between the inner and outer electrodes, and the ozone can be collected and output in a concentrated manner, such as for water treatment. The electrode of the open type ozone generator is exposed in the air, also known as creeping discharge, and the generated ozone is directly diffused into the air, which is usually used for air disinfection.

2. Ultraviolet ozone generator

Oxygen is irradiated with ultraviolet rays with a wavelength of 185 nm, and the oxygen molecules are decomposed to generate ozone. Since the electro-optical conversion efficiency of the ultraviolet lamp is very low, only 0.6-1.5%, the power consumption of ozone generated by the ultraviolet method is as high as 600kw/kg ozone, which is much higher than that of Beijing Tonglin Ozone's 7kw/kg ozone corona discharge method technology. , so less industrial applications. Currently only used in the manufacture of low-concentration pure ozone and some disinfection cabinets.

3. Electrolytic ozone generator

This type of ozone generator usually produces ozone by electrolyzing pure water. The generator can produce high-concentration ozone water, has low manufacturing cost and is simple to use. However, its use is very limited due to the disadvantages of cumbersome maintenance, short electrode life, low output, and difficult ozone collection. At present, such ozone generators are usually used to prepare a small amount of high-concentration ozone water.

Important note: Low concentrations of ozone can generally disinfect, but high concentrations of ozone can cause great harm to the human body. Ozone will stimulate the human respiratory tract and cause toxic pulmonary edema; it can also cause neurotoxicity, headache, dizziness, nausea and other symptoms, leading to memory loss; The skin is wrinkled and dark spots appear; it can also destroy the body's immune function and induce lymphocyte chromosomal lesions.